Noise generation by machines

This includes among other things:

• fluid mechanical effects (especially in turbo-machines), like cavitation, vortex shedding or unsteady flows that can cause pipeline vibrations, narrow-band or tonal noise and increased wear of material
• machine dynamical effects (especially in rotating and oscillating machines) that result in mechanical oscillations
• vibrations that are perceptible as low-frequency oscillations

Examples for machines that are potentially in need of noise reduction are:

• turbo-machines like turbo chargers, compressors, ventilation systems, fans, pumps, vacuum cleaners
• power tools and machine tools like lathes, drilling and milling machines, punching machines, sawing machines, pneumatic hammers
• construction machinery and vehicle components like cranes, excavators, tractors
• placement machines and production machinery